paint or paint Any liquid, liquefiable, or gummy compound that can coat the surface of a material with a thin layer after it has hardened. It is defined as a mixture of insoluble substances suspended in a liquid oily medium, or suspended in an aqueous emulsion, and the liquid medium consists of a group of organic or inorganic substances, and when exposed to air through polymerization, oxidation, or dehydration reactions, it gives a coherent layer (called the coating, with strong adhesion to the surface). coated.^[1]

Paint has a very ancient history. Prehistoric people used a mixture of minerals as pigment with animal fats as binders to draw and decorate their caves with drawings of animals and people. These simple beginnings were the beginning of the story of man with paint.

Terminology[عدل]

There is confusion between the concepts of coating and surface cladding. The term paint is generally used when its purpose is aesthetic and decorative, while the term coating is used when it is used for other specific purposes, although the inks used in printing are considered as a coating process, although they also have cosmetic and illustrative purposes.

Paint is a surface coating material with which the surface is applied while it is in a liquid suspension by one of the appropriate methods such as brushing, roller brushing, spraying or electrostatic deposition. Then the paint dries, or to say more correctly, the coating layer turns from liquid to solid, and this layer completely covers the surface, and is generally a few tens of micrometers thick. Surfaces are painted for two purposes: protection and decoration.

Paint is used to protect surfaces in different ways. Surface cladding provides protection from mechanical wear by improving impact and abrasion resistance.

This article is needed for expert review Specialist in her field. Please experts in their field review and development. (December_2009)

History[عدل]

The Chinese discovered about 2000 years BC transparent paints (lacquer) using milky gum (liquid from plant vessels) from lacquer trees as a bonding material. Paints were also known about 1500 years BC when the ancient Egyptians developed the science of coloring, as they were then composed of animal fats. , colored metal materials and black carbon, and about 1000 years BC, the Egyptians discovered varnishes from natural resins and beeswax, and in the sixteenth century the paint industry moved from China to Europe and developed later using vegetable oils and tree resins as bonding materials, and plant products remained the most used materials. Raw material for this industry, and with the beginning of the nineteenth century, the paint industry developed widely and rapidly due to the use of many intermediate and final petrochemical compounds as bonding materials up to 80%, such as cellulose nitrate, synthetic phenolic resins, alkyd resins, and others.

The basics[عدل]

It consists of a powder (pigment) that is suspended inside a liquid substance called a medium (vehicle). When the surface is painted with it, this paint turns into a very thin, solid layer with the help of one of the following methods: 1- Oxide: A solid layer of paint works by combining it with atmospheric oxygen. 2- Evaporation: a layer of thermoplastic is made. 3- Heating: a layer of thermosting works. 4- Chemical changes: bonding works between the materials and some of them, thus forming a thin, solid surface layer.

the ingredients[عدل]

Any paint consists of several basic components: 1- The binder: It is the main liquid that is responsible for carrying all the other components of the paint, and the binder is what determines the type of paint, whether it is water-based, oily, cellulose or alcoholic. Paint depends on the value of the binder, and its quality also depends on the quality of the material and its ability to dissolve the various components. 2- Basic bases: What is meant by them is the powder that forms the paint, which along with the carrier material forms the basic texture of the paint. 3- Colored oxides: They are what give the paint the required color. These oxides may be one color, two colors, or more, provided that they are homogeneous and that no chemical reactions affect the paint. 4- Auxiliary additives: They are the improvers, stabilizers and desiccants. They are of utmost importance in the manufacture of paints. Their types are: • Materials to prevent sedimentation. • Materials to prevent the formation of crust. Dried materials. • Materials to increase liquidity and operational (diluent materials). • Glossy materials. Lutfi Luminous Materials. • Materials to increase flexibility. • Stabilizers for paints. Hardening materials. • Materials of increased water resistance. • Materials of increased heat resistance. • Materials resistant to bacteria and parasites. • Materials to increase the rust resistance of tin containers.

minerals[عدل]

For metals, metal cladding or metal plating means the union of two elements of two different metals. It differs from welding or gluing as a means of joining metals together. Metal cladding is often done by extrusion, whereby two metals are passed through rotating plates where the two metals are pressed under high pressure.

And a coin making factory in the United States uses cladding (plating) to make coins from different metals. This enables the use of cheap metals.

Optical fiber[عدل]

With regard to optical fibers in telecommunications, the cladding here is one or more layers of low refractive index materials, bonded with higher refractive index base materials. The cladding makes the light inside the fibers reflect completely into the fibers. In a typical optical fiber, the coating prevents light from spreading outward. Some fibers can support the laying of the cladding for which the light is posted in the cladding as well as the core.

Building construction[عدل]

In the field of building construction, cladding here refers to mixing one material with another to produce another layer to serve other purposes such as preventing moisture infiltration or to use it for aesthetic purposes.^[2]

Cladding is not necessarily a water-providing requirement but rather a control component. This element may only serve to safely control direct water or wind in order to control water runoff and prevent intrusion into the building structure. Cladding applied to windows is often referred to as window capping and is a highly specialized field.

fuel for nuclear reactors[عدل]

In a nuclear reactor, the cladding here is the outer layer of the fuel rods, sandwiched between the coolant and the nuclear fuel. They are made of a corrosion-resistant material with a low thermal neutron absorption rate and zicaloy, or modern metals used in construction, or magnesium oxide with a little aluminum and other metals for magnox reactors that are outdated. Cladding prevents radioactive fission fragments from escaping into the fuel coolant and contaminating it.

Navy[عدل]

Look at the ironclad ship and the tinclad warship

See also[عدل]

• Luminous paint
• Thermal coating
• spray paint

the reviewer[عدل]

external links[عدل]

• Color Gate
• Visual arts portal
• Chemistry portal

In Commons, photos and files about: paint

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