Sections of speech Speech in grammar is divided into three sections:

1. The nameWhat indicates a meaning in and of itself, and is not associated with a time. Towards: Siwak – Kitab – Yahya. And it is either raised, erected, or accusative, and it is not categorical.
2. Ato doWhat indicates a meaning in and of itself, and is associated with a time. Syntax: read – wrote – threw. And it is either raised, erected, or plucked, and it is not enclosed.
3. character: What indicates a meaning in others, and only the noun and the verb. Towards: that – did not – not denying sex.

This is because it consists of either two names or who verb noun or who two sentences or who A verb and two nouns or who A verb and three nouns or who A verb and four nouns As for his coalition From two names it has four pictures إِحْدَأهمَا أَن يَكُونَا مُبْتَدأ وخبرا نَحْو زيد قَائِم وَالثَّانيَِة أَن يَكُونَا مُبْتَدأ وفاعلا سد مسد الْخَبَر نَحْو أقائم الزيدان وَإِنَّمَا جَازَ ذَلِك لِأَنَّهُ في قُوَّة قَوْلك أيقوم الزيدان وَذَلِكَ كَلَام تَامّ لَا حَاجَة لَهُ إِلَى شَيْء فَكَذَلِك هَذَا الثَّالِثَة أَن يكون مُبْتَدأ ونائبا عَن فَاعل سد مسد الْخَبَر نَحْو أمضروب The fourth Zaidan is that it is a verb noun and its participle is similar to that. Its combination of verb and noun has two forms One of them is that the noun is a subject of the form of Zayd, and the second is that the noun is a genitive form of the subject.^[1]

Ibn Malik said in his Alfiyyah:^[2]

Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ajrum said about the speech: Its divisions are three: noun, verb, and adjective.^[3]

name tags[عدل]

The name can be distinguished and inferred by signs, including:

1- Accepting (the) for definitions such as: science – classroom – home – school – street.

There is no verb that accepts that sign or a letter, and accordingly that sign is what shows that the word is a noun. Provided that you make sure that the definition is not from the origin of the word, so we do not say: “accusations” is a noun, rather it is a verb, and the and is not a definition, but rather a linking hamza whose hamza has been omitted It is essential, so if the word is omitted, it becomes “important,” so the meaning changes, and therefore it is not intended.

2- Accepting the call in every form, such as: O sky – O Prophet – O seeker of knowledge – O man.

3- Acceptance of traction, which are types:

Either the preposition with one of the prepositions: (from – about – to – on – in – k – for – b)

Like: The Almighty saying, “Glory be to the one who is worse, who is a mosque for the sake of the mosque to the one who is the one who has left it.

– Or in addition to adding to knowledge, towards: Lord of the Worlds – Messenger of God

Or by dependency (disciples) (sympathy, adjective, emphasis, and allowance). For example: “In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.”

4- Tanween:

Al-Tanween is a noun with an appended suffix that appends the last of the noun in pronunciation and not in writing other than emphasis. Tanween has six types.

5- His acceptance of the movable linked ta’a, as it only comes with the noun and does not come with the verb or the letter, such as: (tree – flower – child – garden – teacher – car).

6- Attribution to him (information about him):

The verbal sentence (verb + subject), like the “ta” in gold, so the “ta” is predicated to it, and the verb (gold) is predicated, and as in the nominal sentence (beginner + predicate), knowledge is light, so the subject (knowledge) is predicated to it, and light is predicated. The attribution of going to al-Ta’a is evidence of its name (Ta’), and the attribution of al-Nur al-Khabar to al-Mubtada (knowledge) is evidence of its name.^[4]

verb signs[عدل]

General signs (common):

The verb generally has general signs that distinguish it from the noun and the letter, and these general signs are divided into two parts:

General signs of the three verb types.

General signs enter only two types of verbs.

First: The general signs that apply to the three verb types:

A- Noun of Emphasis: The Noun of Emphasis is included in:

• The present tense; Towards the Almighty’s saying: We will expel you, O Shuaib [الأعراف: 88]And His saying, Glory be to Him: [آل عمران: 169].

• past verb; Like his saying, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him: ((So either one of you will catch the antichrist)), and like what the poet said:

Damn your happiness, if you had mercy on an orphan

command verb; Towards: Strive hard to seek forensic knowledge, and take care of your time.

B- The women’s nun: the women’s nun is included in:

The present tense; Towards the saying of the Almighty: [البقرة: 228]And His saying, Glory be to Him: [البقرة: 233]And His saying, Glory be to Him: And if they abstain is better for them [النور: 60].

the past tense; Towards His saying, Glory be to Him: [يوسف: 31]And the Almighty said: If they commit an indecency [النساء: 25].

And the act of command; Towards the saying of the Almighty: And speak a kind word * and stay in your homes [الأحزاب: 32، 33]And His saying, Glory be to Him: [الأحزاب: 33].

Second: General signs that apply to only two types of verbs:

These signs are in two parts:

• A common sign between the present tense and the imperative verb, which is the “y” of address, and its example is:

With the present tense: towards the Almighty’s saying: {They said, “Do you marvel at God’s command?” [هود: 73]And His saying, Glory be to Him: So see what you are commanded [النمل: 33]And his saying, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, to Aisha, may God be pleased with her: “Do you want to see?”

With the imperative verb: towards His saying, the Almighty: Oh Mary, be obedient to your Lord and prostrate and bow with those who bow [آل عمران: 43]And He, Glory be to Him, says: And shake the trunk of the palm tree at you, and it will fall upon you fresh ripe dates* So eat and drink and cool your eyes [مريم: 25، 26].

A common sign between the past tense and the present tense, which is (may), so (may) enters into:

The present tense: it then has three meanings. Which:

• Investigation; Towards the saying of the Almighty: God may know those among you who are disabled [الأحزاب: 18].

reduce; Towards: Your saying: The lazy may succeed.

multiplication; Towards: Your saying: The hardworking may succeed.

And the past tense: then it has two meanings:

• Investigation; Towards the saying of the Almighty: The believers have succeeded [المؤمنون: 1].

• Rounding; Towards the saying of the one who establishes prayer: The prayer has been established.^[5]

the reviewer[عدل]

external links[عدل]

• The word and its divisions in the Arabic language

• Arabic language portal
• Linguistics portal