Banu Hanifa A tribe from Bakr bin Wael, an ancient Arab tribe that settled in the Al-Yamamah region in the Arabian Peninsula from what is today called the Riyadh region.^{[1][2][3][4][5]} They established the state of treasures in northern Sudan (238 AH – 466 AH), which included Aswan, Beja, Nubia and Halfa.

Lineage of Bani Hanifa

• They built: Hanifa bin Lajim bin Saab bin Ali bin Bakr bin Wael bin Qasit bin Hanab bin Afsa bin Daami bin Jadila bin Asad bin Rabia bin Nizar bin Maad bin Adnan.

The ancient burial grounds of Bani Hanifa

The tribe of Bani Hanifa in the past divided into three branches:

1. Banu al-Du’al, including Banu Havan bin al-Harith, who were originally from the tribe of Kinanah al-Mudharia
2. Beni Uday
3. Bani Amir

Pre-Islamic era

Most of the tribe’s members were sedentary farmers at the dawn of Islam, living along eastern Najd (formerly known as Yamama), especially at Wadi Al-Ardah, which later bore their name (Wadi Bani Hanifa). Some sources, such as Yaqut al-Hamawi, attribute to them the founding of the city of Al-Hijr (the predecessor of the current city of Riyadh), Manfouha and Al-Kharj. According to some legends, Banu Hanifa moved from Hijaz to Yamama after its original inhabitants, Tasm and Jadis, perished in internal wars.

Islamic era

In about 632 AD, Hanifa sent a delegation pledging loyalty and allegiance to the Messenger Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace. Maslama bin Habib (known as Musaylamah the Liar) was among the members of that delegation, who believed from what he saw that he could claim prophethood later on. The delegation and before leaving converted to Islam. After the death of the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, the Banu Hanifa abandoned their new religion (Islam), led by Musaylimah, the claimant of the prophecy. In the Arabian Peninsula, apostasy wars were launched under the leadership of the Caliph Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq to deter the apostate Arab tribes. The Muslims won after the third battle in which Musaylimah was killed in the Battle of Al-Yamamah, with heavy losses on both sides, and the rest of the Banu Hanifa made peace with the Muslims and returned to Islam.

Treasures State

The state of treasures is an Arab country established in northern Sudan (238 AH – 466 AH) founded by the treasures descended from the Bani Hanifa dynasty. The transfer of the rule of the Beja country in this region to the Hanifa leaders according to the local system, which makes the inheritance of power to the son of the daughter and the son of the sister.

This Arab emirate expanded a lot during the reign of Abu al-Makarem, the gift of God, who is known as the obedient, obedient, after he assumed the rule of Hanifa after the death of his father, Abu Yazid. The borders of the emirate expanded during his reign until it included southern Upper Egypt from Qus to Aswan, and it also included a large part of northern Nubia, which is the region known as Maris, which is located south of Wadi Halfa, as well as the Al-Alaqi Valley in the Eastern Desert.

Abu al-Makarem, the gift of God, helped al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah the Fatimid in eliminating Abu Rakwa, who had revolted against al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah in the year 397 AH / 1006 AD, and took refuge in Upper Egypt and then to the country of Nubia. Since then, Hanifa in Aswan and Nubia became known as Bani Kenz, and this title applied to all its princes until their state ended.

Historians’ sayings about the Hanifa tribe

A civilized tribe, so its people worked in agriculture, and they made Al-Yamamah an area of ​​agricultural production, especially the crops of dates and wheat for the purpose of trade, and it was exported to Mecca, Al-Hira, Persia, and other countries. Hajar Al-Yamamah was the capital of the region of Al-Yamamah and the commercial base. Its masters and nobles in the pre-Islamic period adhered to the religion of the Christians, and the Hanifa tribe fought with its brothers, the tribes of Bakr bin Wael, in the battle of Dhi Qar against the Persians.

Famous Bani Hanifa in ignorance and Islam

• The Christian king Hawdha bin Ali al-Hanafi, the king of al-Yamama, and one of the masters and nobles of the Banu Hanifa, and he was also a poet and orator, and the first to use You damned in poetry.
• Kabir bin Salim al-Hanafi was one of the masters of Banu Hanifa and participated in the Bassous war on the side of Jasas bin Murra.
• King Thumama bin Athal, a great companion, and one of the masters and supervision of the Banu Hanifa, was the first to enter Mecca by reciting the Talbiyah, and he prevented the export of wheat and wheat to Mecca in support of Islam.
• Farwa bin Nafathah al-Hanafi was the king of some of the Levant during the pre-Islamic era.
• Ibn Ali al-Hanafi divorced a great companion and participated with the Messenger in building the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, and one of the men of hadiths, and he has a famous hadith about ablution.
• Damdam bin Jose Al-Hanafi is one of the men of hadith
• Athal ibn al-Nu’man al-Hanafi is one of the companions.
• Yazid ibn Ma`bad al-Hanafi, a great companion of the hadith men.
• Abu Maryam Al-Hanafi, a great companion of the hadith men.
• Khawla bint Jaafar al-Hanafi, wife of Ali ibn Abi Talib.
• Abu Salih al-Hanafi is one of the men of hadith.
• Ikrimah bin Ammar al-Hanafi is one of the men of hadith.
• Al-Rayyan bin Sabra Al-Hanafi is one of the men of hadith.
• Abu Ismail al-Hanafi is one of the men of hadith and the judge of al-Yamamah.
• Qais bin Talq bin Ali Al-Hanafi is one of the narrators of hadiths on the authority of his father, the companion Talaq bin Ali Al-Hanafi.
• Muhammad bin Suleiman Al-Hanafi, a Shafi’i jurist, one of the scholars of literature and interpretation, and Al-Sahib bin Abbad said about him ((We have not seen anything like him, and I do not see anything like himself)).
• Muhammad bin Jaafar al-Hanafi, a poet, a novel writer in the Abbasid era.
• Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Hanafi, one of the leaders of the Abbasid call.
• Musab bin Qais al-Hanafi, one of the leaders of the Abbasid call.
• Umair bin Salama Al-Hanafi was the most loyal Arab in the pre-Islamic era.
• Shammar bin Amr Al-Hanafi fought Al-Mundhir bin Maa Al-Samaa on the day of Ain Abbagh.
• Al-Abbas bin Al-Ahnaf, a soft-spoken poet, was one of the poets of the Abbasid state. Al-Buhturi said about him that he was the most eloquent of people, Abu Al-Fadl, an Arab of honorable lineage.
• Musa ibn Jabir al-Hanafi is a poet who was a veteran of pre-Islamic times and Islam.
• Yahya bin Talib al-Hanafi, a poet of eloquent ghazals, was a sheikh of religion who used to recite the people of al-Yamamah.
• Yaqzan bin Zaid al-Hanafi was one of the best Arabs in the pre-Islamic era, and he was called “Mabari al-Rih” because of his quality.
• Famine bin Marara al-Hanafi, one of the chiefs of al-Yamama in pre-Islamic times and Islam.
• Al-Muhair bin Salmi Al-Hanafi, the leader of the people of Al-Yamamah at the end of the Umayyad era, and he was brave and eloquent.
• Hamzah bin Bayd al-Hanafi is a glorious poet.
• Prince Tufayl bin Ghanem Al-Hanafi, Prince of Hajar Al-Yamamah in the eighth century AH 732 AH, who went with Ibn Battuta to Mecca for Hajj.
• Al Saud family.

Resources

• Arab Gate
• Islamic history portal
• Islam portal
• Anthropology portal
• Saudi portal

Retrieved from «https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bani_Hanifa&oldid=60333718»