The traveler’s fast (or Fasting while traveling), meaning: the traveler’s fast while traveling. And it was mentioned among the verses of the provisions of fasting, coupled with the patient’s breakfast, as fasting the month of Ramadan is imposed on the person charged, but the patient and the traveler may break the fast during the day in Ramadan, according to specific conditions, and they must make it up. It is permitted for the traveler to break the fast during travel, and if he wishes to fast, and if it is difficult for him to fast, then it is better for him to break the fast, and he may have to break the fast if fasting will cause him great harm.

The traveler’s fast[عدل]

God said: ﴿And whoever is sick or on a journey, then a number of other days.﴾
The meaning of the verse: Whoever is sick or on a journey during the month of Ramadan breaks his fast; He took the permission of God Almighty, and he has to make up for fasting the number of days that he broke his fast, from days other than the days of Ramadan.

Ruling on fasting while traveling[عدل]

Al-Baghawi said:As for traveling, breaking the fast is permissible, and fasting is permissible according to most scholars, except for what was narrated on the authority of Ibn Abbas, Abu Hurairah, Urwa bin Al-Zubayr and Ali bin Al-Hussein, that they said: Fasting is not permissible while traveling, and whoever fasts must make it up, and they cited the words of the Prophet as evidence. ﷺ : “It is not part of righteousness to fast while traveling.” This is according to others regarding those who are exhausted by fasting, so it is better for him to break his fast.»

On the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, he said he was the Messenger of God ﷺ On a journey, he saw a crowd and a man who had shaded him, so he said: What is this?

On the authority of Ibn Abbas, may God be pleased with them, that he told him that the Messenger of God ﷺ He came out in the year of the conquest in Ramadan, so he fasted until he reached Al-Kadid, then he broke his fast. He said he was the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ They follow the newest, and the most recent of his command.”^[1]

Al-Nawawi said: Some of the people of al-Zahir said: It is not valid to fast Ramadan while traveling. For the apparent meaning of the verse and for a hadeeth, it is not part of righteousness to fast while traveling, and in the other hadeeth: “Those are disobedient.”

An-Nawawi said:And the majority of scholars and all the people of the fatwa said: It is permissible to fast while traveling, and it is held and rewarded, and they differed as to whether fasting is better or breaking the fast, or are they the same? Malik, Abu Hanifa, Al-Shafi’i and the majority said: Fasting is better for the one who can bear it without apparent hardship or harm. Breaking the fast is better, and they invoked the Prophet’s fast ﷺ , and Abdullah bin Rawaha and others, and with other hadiths; And because he gets his clearance immediately. Saeed bin Al-Musayyib, Al-Awza’i, Ahmad, Ishaq and others said: Breaking the fast is absolutely better. ﷺ It is a license from God, so whoever takes it is good, and whoever likes to fast has no blame on him. Its apparent meaning is that breaking the fast is more likely, and most answered that all of this is for those who fear harm or find hardship, as is clear in the hadiths, and they relied on the hadith of Abu Saeed al-Khudri mentioned in the chapter. He said: “We used to fight with the Messenger of God ﷺ In Ramadan, some of us are fasting, and some of us are those who break the fast, so the fasting person does not find it against the one who breaks the fast, and the one who breaks the fast does not find it against the fasting person. Preferring fasting for those who can bear it without harm or apparent hardship, and some scholars said: breaking the fast and fasting are the same, because the hadiths are equivalent, and the most correct is the saying of the majority, and God knows best.»^[2] The permissibility of fasting while traveling is indicated by a hadith: On the authority of Ibn Abi Awfa, may God be pleased with him, he said: We were with the Messenger of God ﷺ On a journey, he said to a man, “Go down and pray for me.” He said, “O Messenger of God, the sun.” He said, “Go down, and pray for me.” He said, “O Messenger of God, the sun.” He said, “Go down, and pray for me.” Bakr bin Ayash, on the authority of Al Shaibani, on the authority of Ibn Abi Awfa, he said: I was with the Prophet ﷺ on a journey.”^[3]

I divert fasting and breakfast[عدل]

On the authority of Yusuf bin Al-Hakam, he said: I asked Ibn Umar – or he was asked – about fasting while traveling, and he said: Do you see that if you gave alms to a man and he returned it to you, would you not be angry? It is a charity from God that you certify. And about Ad-Dahhak: He hated fasting while traveling. The people of this article said: Whoever fasts while traveling must make it up if he gets up.^[4]

Al-Tabari said:Others said: The permissibility of breaking the fast while traveling is a concession from God, the Most High, and He conferred it on His servants. So whoever fasts his obligatory fulfillment, and whoever breaks his fast, then God permits him to break his fast. They said: If he fasts while traveling, he does not have to make it up if he stays.»

Evidence[عدل]

On the authority of Ayoub, he said: Urwa and Salem told us: They were with Umar bin Abdul Aziz, when he was the governor of Medina, so they remembered fasting while traveling. Salem said: Ibn Umar did not fast while traveling, and Urwa said: Aisha used to fast. Salim said: It was taken from Ibn Omar, and Urwa said: It was taken from Aisha. Until their voices rose. Omar bin Abdul Aziz said: Oh God, forgive me. If it is easy, then fast, and if it is difficult, then break the fast.

On the authority of Khaithama, he said: I asked Anas bin Malik about fasting while on a journey. He said: It was revealed, and on that day we would travel hungry, and we would go down when we were not full, and today we will travel full and we will go down when we are full.

On the authority of Asim on the authority of Anas: He was asked about fasting while traveling, and he said: Whoever breaks the fast is with God’s concession, and whoever fasts, fasting is better.

On the authority of Talha bin Amr, on the authority of Ataa, he said: Whoever fasts fulfills his duty, and whoever breaks his fast, he takes a concession.

On the authority of Hammad, on the authority of Saeed bin Jubair, he said: Breaking the fast while traveling is a concession, and fasting is better.

On the authority of Hajjaj on the authority of Ata’, he said: It is teaching and not determination – meaning God’s saying: “And whoever is sick or on a journey, then he should fast the same number of other days.”

Mujahid was asked about fasting while traveling. He said: It was the Messenger of God ﷺ He fasts and breaks his fast. He said: It is a concession, and to fast Ramadan is dearer to me.

Abu Jaafar said: «And this saying we have is more correct, because everyone is unanimously agreed that if a sick person fasts the month of Ramadan – and he is one of those who break the fast due to his illness – that his fast is sufficient for him, and he does not have to make it up if he recovers from his illness by a number of other days. Make it up if he fasted on his travels. Because what was made for the traveler from breaking the fast and commanded to make up several other days is similar to the one who made that for the sick and ordered it to be made up. Then, in the indication of the verse, it is enough for a singer to witness the martyrdom of a witness to the validity of that with others. And that is what God Almighty said: “God desires ease for you, and He does not desire hardship for you.”».^[4] Al-Tabari mentioned that fasting is prescribed for every month for every believer, and it is the month of Ramadan, whether he is a traveler or a resident, due to the generality of God’s command. Whoever is sick or on a journey and breaks his fast with God’s permission, then he must fast several days later in place of the days he broke his fast during his travel or illness, and then in the evidence of the news from the Messenger of God ﷺ His saying – when he was asked about fasting while traveling: “If you wish, fast, and if you wish, break the fast” – is sufficient enough to deduce the validity of what we said in that with others.^[4]

choice[عدل]

On the authority of Aisha: Hamza asked the Messenger of God ﷺ About fasting while traveling – and he was recounting the fast – so the Messenger of God said ﷺ : “If you wish, then fast, and if you wish, then break the fast.”

On the authority of Abu Marawih, on the authority of Hamza Al-Aslami, the companion of the Messenger of God ﷺ He said: O Messenger of God! I recount fasting, so I fast while traveling? And the Messenger of God said ﷺ “It is a license from God to His servants, so whoever does it is good and beautiful, and whoever abandons it there is no blame on him.” Hamza used to fast forever, so he fasted while traveling and at home. Urwah bin Al-Zubayr used to fast for life, so he fasted when traveling and when he was at home, even if he was to get sick, he did not break the fast. Abu Marawih used to fast forever, so he fasted while traveling and at home.^[4]

Travel breakfast guides[عدل]

On the authority of Jabir: The Messenger of God ﷺ He saw a man on his travels who had shaded him, and a group of people over him, so he said: “Who is this?” They said: “He is fasting.” He said: “It is not part of righteousness to fast while traveling.”

On the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, he said: The Messenger of God saw ﷺ A man about whom the people have gathered, and he has shaded him, and they said: This is a fasting man, so the Messenger of God said ﷺ It is not righteous to fast while traveling.

So whoever reaches fasting as much as he who the Prophet said to him ﷺ It is not part of righteousness to fast; Because God, the Most High, mentioned him, has forbidden everyone to expose himself to that which would lead to its destruction, and he has a way to save it. Rather, he seeks righteousness by what God has commissioned and urged to do, not by what he has forbidden.^[4]

Evidence for the permissibility of fasting[عدل]

On the authority of Abu Saeed, he said: “We were traveling with the Messenger of God ﷺ In Ramadan, some of us are fasting and some are those who break the fast, so the fasting person does not blame the one who breaks the fast, and the one who breaks the fast does not blame the fasting person.

Reference[عدل]

• Islamic jurisprudence portal

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