induction or inductive reasoning or sometimes inductive reasoning It is one of the forms of reasoning, and in logical terms it is the reasoning that moves from the partial to the total. That is, it is the judgment of the total by what is found in all its parts, which is the formal induction that Aristotle went to alone and called it «Epagoge segmented measurement» Or judging the whole by what is found in some of its parts, which is induction based on generalization.^[1]

It is divided into two parts: complete induction and incomplete induction. The investigations of this form of reasoning are examined in the science of logic.

Simple example[عدل]

• This is a piece of metal (A) that expands with heat.
• This is a piece of metal (B) that expands with heat.
• This is a piece of metal (C) that expands with heat.

And so on, then the metal expands with heat. This is what is known as incomplete induction, i.e. not tracking all the individuals (as all the individuals of the mineral in the above example). As for the complete induction, it is when tracking all the individuals, and it has been ambiguous that the complete induction is essentially an induction because the premise in it equals the result.

induction problems[عدل]

There are several logical-philosophical problems that have been addressed to inductive reasoning by some logicians, philosophers, and scholars. A number of them dealt with these problems.

Among the most prominent of those who spoke about induction and its problems were David Hume, Karl Popper, Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr in his book The Logical Foundations of Induction and others.

Among the problems addressed in the induction:

• What is the reason for generalizing the ruling on the rest of the individuals if I only examined some of them?
• What is the reason for generalizing judgment about the future, even though we examined individuals in the present time or before?

And other problems.

See also[عدل]

Explanation Interpretive inference falsifiability Inductive position [الإنجليزية]

Statistical inference Tahr logic mathematical induction retrospective conclusion Raven’s paradox Circular

the reviewer[عدل]

• Psychology portal
• Mathematics portal
• Philosophy portal
• Philosophy of Science Portal
• Statistics portal
• Thinking portal
• Logic gate

induction On sister projects:
	Pictures and audio from Commons.

Retrieved from «https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Induction_(logic)&oldid=59467103»