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The Arab world is considered the cradle of civilizations, and migrations dictated by the scarcity of water and drought led to the movement of populations along the Red Sea to the north of the Arabian Peninsula and North Africa, and south to the Arabian Sea, East Africa, Southeast Africa, and then up to the Gulf.

The population of the Arab world is currently about 430,753,333^[1] million people, which constitutes (5%) of the total world population. It can be said that all of its countries are similar socially, linguistically, and demographically, and it generally includes high rates of marriage, early marriage followed by direct and non-distant pregnancy; which increases the high rates of population increase, and an increase in the rates of youth; Which leads to increased burdens, dependency and dependence, and the spread of illiteracy, especially among women in the Arab world.^[2]

Population growth[عدل]

The total population in the Arab countries in the middle of the twentieth century was estimated at about (76) million people, with an annual increase rate of (2.5%) to reach more than (144) million in 1975 (almost double the number in 25 years). The rate of this increase rose to (2.7%) between 1975-2000, when the population in the Arab world was estimated in 2000 to be about (284) million. The population growth rate increased by (2.9%) during the second half of the last century, which is very high when compared to the population growth rates in other countries, which amounted to less than (3%) for the same period. This high population growth is the result of efforts to reduce death rates, coupled with young populations and continued high fertility rates. And the impact of the great political changes that occurred in the Arab countries; benefiting from the experiences of the Western world in emphasizing public health and controlling death rates; The Arab countries took measures and policies to raise the standard of living of the population after the end of World War II and after it in the field of public health and control of death rates.^[2]

population distribution[عدل]

The Arab world is divided into twenty-two countries extending from the Arabian Gulf in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west, with a total area estimated at (14) million square kilometers. All Arab countries are members of the League of Arab States, and the countries of the Arab world can be geographically divided into four groups, which are as follows:

1- The Nile Valley and the Horn of Africa, which includes: Egypt, Sudan, Somalia, Comoros, and Djibouti.

2- North Africa, which includes: Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, and Mauritania.

3- The Fertile Crescent, which includes: Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Palestine.

4- The Arabian Peninsula and the Arab Gulf states, including: Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait.

Based on population estimates in 2000, the population of the first group reached (109) million people, or (38%) of the total population in the Arab world. to (34%) by the middle of the twenty-first century. The population of North Africa constitutes a quarter of the population of the Arab world, at a rate of (27%) with the year 2000, down from (30%) in 1950, and an expected rate of (20%) of the population of the Arab world by the year 2050. As for the population of the Fertile Crescent, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Arabian Gulf They make up the remainder of the total population, with equal estimates ranging from 17-18% for each group.

Egypt is considered the most populous Arab country with a rate of 28% of the total Arab population in 1950. Algeria, Sudan and Morocco occupy the second place in terms of population size, which ranges between (11-12%) for each country, and Iraq comes in the fifth place (7%), then Yemen, Tunisia, Syria and Saudi Arabia, with rates ranging between (5-6%) for each country. As for Lebanon, Jordan, Libya, Mauritania, and the occupied Palestinian territories, they all range by (7%). At a time when Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates constitute less than (1%) combined of the total Arab population.^[2]

Arab countries

Science	The state	population
	Egypt	103,216,650[3]
	Sudan	43,849,269[4]
	Algeria	43,851,043[5]
	Morocco, West, sunset	36,910,558[6]
	Saudi Arabia	34,813,867[7]
	Iraq	40,222,503[8]
	To whom	29,825,968[9]
	Syria	27,429,000[10]
	Tunisia	11,708,370[11]
	Libya	6,871,287[12]
	Jordan	11,057,000[13]
	Lebanon	6,825,442[14]
	Palestinian territories	6,000,000
	Kuwait	4,336,012[15]
	UAE	9,503,738
	Amman	4,471,148[16]
	Mauritania	4,649,660[17]
	Diameter	2,811,774[18]
	the two seas	1,800,000[19]

Reference[عدل]

• Arab Gate

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