أنت تبحث عن اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد ، سنشارك معك اليوم مقالة حول مولد الضد – ويكيبيديا تم تجميعها وتحريرها بواسطة فريقنا من عدة مصادر على الإنترنت. آمل أن تكون هذه المقالة التي تتناول موضوع اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد مفيدة لك.
مولد الضد – ويكيبيديا
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antigen[1] or antigen[2][3][4][5] or antigen[6] (in English: antigenA substance that triggers an immune response. It may be a germ or virus that has entered the body; The body begins to “generate” particles and special substances against it to eliminate it in order to protect the body.
The human and animal body is equipped with an immune system that protects it from the invasion of microbes and viruses that may lead to its death. These viruses, germs, and possibly other substances that threaten the body are called “antigen” or “antigen” or “antigen”, and can lead to the production of antibodies in the body’s immune system. It is often used synonymously with impervious (in English: immunogen).
The particles produced by the body to resist an intruding microbe or virus are called antibody in Arabic. The particles produced by the body to fight and eliminate an antigen (a virus, for example) are detailed for it; Almost every type of virus or microbe against which the immune system forms a special type of antibody (antibody) is suitable for its elimination. In the event that the body is unable to produce the antibody, the virus or microbe invades the body and multiplies in it until it eliminates the patient. In many cases, the doctor can give the patient a drug that helps the immune system to do its job, and save the patient’s life.
The antigen may originate from within the body (“self”) or from the outside (“non-self”). The immune system recognizes and attacks non-self antigens from outside, and does not normally react to self-proteins due to negative selection of T cells in the thymus.[7]
Vaccines are models of immunogenic antigens, which are deliberately given to a recipient with the intent of stimulating the memory function of the adaptive immune system towards antigens of a pathogen infected by the recipient. A common example is seasonal influenza virus vaccines.[8]
Sources[عدل]
Antigens can be classified according to their source.
external antigens[عدل]
Exogenous antigens are antigens that have entered the body from the outside, such as through inhalation, injection or ingestion. The immune system’s response to antigens of this type is often subclinical. Antigens are captured by antigen-presenting cells via cytokinesis or phagocytosis and then broken down into pieces. Antigen-presenting cells make the cutoff to helper (CD4+) T cells using histocompatibility class II molecules localized on their surface. Some T cells are peptide-specific: major histocompatibility complex. Helper T cells become activated and begin to secrete cytokines, which are substances that activate killer T cells, antibody-secreting B cells, macrophages, and other particles.
Some antigens are external at first and then become internal (eg intracellular viruses). Intracellular antigens return to the circulation when the infected cell dies.
endogenous antigens[عدل]
Normal intracellular antigens arise as a result of normal cell metabolism, or due to intracellular viral or bacterial infection. The cutoffs are subsequently presented at the cell surface within MHC class I molecules. If they are distinguished by natural killer T-cells, they secrete a group of toxins that lead to the dissolution or apoptosis of infected cells. In order to prevent NK T cells from killing other cells simply because they present self-antigens, they are eliminated for their self-interaction through negative selection (centrotolerance). Endogenous antigens include xenobiotics, autoantigens, and antigens with a different self or allogenic (homologous). Sometimes the antigens are part of the host itself, such as in autoimmune diseases.[9]
Read also[عدل]
- Major histocompatibility complex
- lymphocyte
- T cell
- immune system
- Mast cell activation syndrome
the reviewer[عدل]
- ^ The Unified Medical Dictionary Mustadid (plural antigens), antigen. Accessed January 28, 2015, a copy preserved January 23, 2018 on the Wayback Machine website.
- ^ Biology book for the second grade of scientific secondary, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, 1997 edition, page 247
- ^ Umm Al-Qura University, accessed November 26, 2014. Preserved copy April 7, 2020 on the Wayback Machine website.
- ^ Life Sciences Book for the second secondary grade, State of Palestine, 2012 edition, page 156.[وصلة مكسورة]Archived September 23, 2015 on the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Life Sciences Book for the twelfth grade of literature, United Arab Emirates, page 102. Preserved copy November 20, 2015 on the Wayback Machine website.
- ^ Mawred Dictionary, Baalbaki, Beirut, Lebanon
- ^ Gallucci , S ; Lolkema , M ; Matzinger, P (November 1999). “Natural adjuvants: endogenous activators of dendritic cells”. Nature Medicine. 5 (11): 1249–55. doi:10.1038/15200. PMID 10545990. S2CID 29090284.
- ^ Antigenic characterization. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. October 15, 2019. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
- ^ “Immune system and disorders”. MedlinePlus, US National Institute of Medicine. September 28, 2020. Archived from the original on October 7, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
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فيديو حول اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد
الطريقة الصحيحة للبروتين +شو الفريق بين البروتين والكيراتين + الاجابة على اسئلة المتابعين
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سؤال حول اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد
إذا كانت لديك أي أسئلة حول اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد ، فيرجى إخبارنا ، وستساعدنا جميع أسئلتك أو اقتراحاتك في تحسين المقالات التالية!
تم تجميع المقالة اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد من قبل أنا وفريقي من عدة مصادر. إذا وجدت المقالة اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد مفيدة لك ، فالرجاء دعم الفريق أعجبني أو شارك!
قيم المقالات مولد الضد – ويكيبيديا
التقييم: 4-5 نجوم
التقييمات: 9 8 5 2
المشاهدات: 3 3 7 4 4 0 9 8
بحث عن الكلمات الرئيسية اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد
[الكلمة الرئيسية]
طريقة اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد
برنامج تعليمي اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد
اختاري الاجابه الصحيحه بروتين يتكون استجابه لمولد ضد محدد مجاني
المصدر: ar.wikipedia.org
