hair care It is an umbrella term for the cleanliness and beauty implied by the hair on the human head.^[1] Hair care includes trimming, trimming, or shaving it according to the position and type of hair, and according to the various operations that can be applied to the hair. Different types of hair is a manifestation of human diversity.

In this article, “hair care” is taken to mean the care of the hair on the human head, and it can also refer to the processes and services that affect the hair of other parts of the body. This includes men’s and women’s facial hair, electrician hair, and the rest of the body, which may be colored, trimmed, shaved, plucked, or otherwise removed by treatments such as waxing, sugaring, or threading. These services are offered in salons, barbershops and day spas, and products are commercially available for home use. Laser hair removal and electrolysis are also available. These services are provided (in the US) by licensed professionals in medical offices or specialty spas.

Hair cleansing and conditioning[عدل]

biological processes and hygiene[عدل]

Hair care and scalp care may appear separately, but they are actually interrelated because hair grows from under the skin. The living parts of the hair (hair follicle, hair root, root sheath, sebaceous gland) are located under the skin, while the actual hair shaft that appears (of the epidermis that covers the cortex and medulla) does not have the ingredients for living. Visible damage or changes to the hair shaft cannot be repaired through a biological process, although there is much that can be done to manage the hair and ensure that the cuticle remains intact.

The scalp skin, just like any other skin on the body, must be kept healthy to ensure a healthy body and healthy hair production. If the scalp is not cleaned regularly, by removing dead skin cells, toxins are released through the skin or by external hazards (such as bacteria, viruses and chemicals) may create a breeding ground for infection. However, not all scalp disorders are the result of bacterial infections. Often the symptoms can be treated by managing the condition (eg: dandruff). There are also bacteria that affect the hair itself. Head lice are among the most common hair and scalp diseases worldwide. Head lice can be removed with attention, and studies confirm that it is not necessarily associated with poor hygiene. Recent studies reveal that head lice do in fact breed in clean hair. Hair washing as a term can be a bit prejudicial, as it is necessary to produce healthy hair and often a simple cleaning of the skin of the scalp is the way it is needed for the skin throughout the body to get a good clean.

The sebaceous glands in human skin produce sebum, which is mainly composed of fatty acids. Sebum works to protect the hair and skin, and can prevent the growth of microorganisms on the skin. And sebum contributes to the natural acidity of the skin, somewhere between 5 and 6.8 on the pH spectrum. This oily substance gives moisture and shine to the hair because it travels naturally down the hair shaft and acts as a protective substance that prevents the hair from drying out or absorbing large amounts of external substances. Sebum is also distributed down the hair shaft “mechanically” by brushing and combing. When there is an excess of sebum, the roots of the hair can appear oily, greasy, and darker than normal, and the hair may stick together.

Hair cleaning[عدل]

The only way to distribute the natural oils in the hair is by brushing it with a natural bristle brush. The natural bristles effectively transport oil from the scalp to the mid-lengths and ends, nourishing the hair shafts. Scalp combing also stimulates the sebaceous gland, which in turn produces more sebum. When sebum and sweat come together on the surface of the scalp, they help create the acid mantle, which is the skin’s own protective layer.

Washing hair removes excess sweat and oil, as well as removes unwanted items from the hair and scalp. Hair is often washed as part of a shampooing, with specialized surfactants. The shampoo is used by putting it on the hair with water. The shampoo breaks the surface tension of the water, allowing the water to permeate the hair. This is known as wetting. Wetting is caused by the shampoo attracting water to the hair shaft. Conversely, the tail of the shampoo molecule is attracted to grease, dirt and oil on the hair shaft. Shampooing causes grease and dirt to emulsify and then rinse away with water. This is known as emulsification. Sulfate-free shampoo is less damaging to colored hair than regular shampoos that contain sulfates. Just like hair dye, sulfates strip away natural oils. Sulfates are also responsible for the foaming effect of shampoo.

The shampoo has a pH between 4 and 6 and does not contain soap. Shampoos that contain soap are less acidic and are therefore closer to the hair’s natural acidity. Acidic shampoos are the most common type used to maintain or improve hair condition as they do not swell the hair shaft or strip it of its natural oils. Conditioners are often used after shampooing to soften the hair’s cuticle layer, which can become coarse through the physical processes of shampooing. There are three main types of conditioners: antioxidant conditioners, which are mainly used in salons after chemical services and to prevent oxidation; internal conditioners, which go into the hair cortex and help improve the hair’s internal condition (also known as a treatment); External or daily conditioners that smooth the cuticle layer and make hair shiny, combable and soft. Conditioners can act as a physical layer to protect hair from physical and environmental damage.

hair lengths[عدل]

• Bald – no hair at all.
• shaved- hair that has been shaved completely down to the scalp.
• Very Short – The hair is very short and almost non-existent.
• Cropped – slightly longer hair.
• The story of the boy – the hair that was a little longer, but did not reach the ear. The length of the ear – the hair that reached the ear
• At chin level – hair grows down to the chin.
• At the level of the face – hair that reaches the neck or shoulders.
• Shoulder level – hair that reaches the shoulders.
• At the level of the armpit – the hair that reaches the armpit.
• Mid Back Level – The hair that reaches the point of the rib cage and chest.
• At waist level – hair that reaches the waist, slightly above the hip bones.
• At the level of the hips – the hair that reaches the hips.
• At the level of the tailbone – hair that reaches the level of the tailbone.
• Classic length – hair that reaches the legs or buttocks.
• At the level of the thigh – the hair that reaches the middle of the thigh.
• At knee level – hair that has reached the knee.
• At calf level – the hair that reaches the calf.
• Ground level – hair that reaches the ground.

chemical change[عدل]

Chemical changes such as perming, and coloring can be done to change the look and feel of the hair. All of these are temporary changes because permanent changes are not possible at this time.

Chemical hair alteration only affects the hair above the scalp. Unless the hair roots are damaged, new hair grows with its natural color and texture.

Hair Coloring[عدل]

Hair coloring processes may be referred to as coloring or bleaching, depending on whether dye is added or removed.

Temporary hair coloring coats the hair with dye, which later washes out. Most permanent color changes require the hair cuticle to be open for the color to change.

This process uses chemicals to change the structure of the hair, and can damage the cuticle or inner structure of the hair, leaving it dry and weak or vulnerable to breakage. Cuticles can not be close after hair treatment, as appear coarse hair or loss of pigment. In general, choosing a lighter hair color than the first hair can cause a lot of damage. Other options for applying color to hair besides chemical dyes include using herbs, henna and indigo, or opting for ammonia-free solutions.

Perming and chemical straightening[عدل]

Curling and straightening using a straightener or heat regeneration involves chemically altering the internal structure of the hair to curl, or straighten it. Hair that has been subjected to permanent chemical changes is weaker and should be treated more gently and carefully than hair that has not.

Special cases for hair types[عدل]

long hair[عدل]

Many industries require no hair to prevent worker injury. This can include people who work in construction, utilities, and machine shops of various kinds. Furthermore, many professions require a lack of hair for public health reasons, an example of which is the food industry. There are also sports that may require similar restrictions for safety reasons: to keep eyes from hair blurring vision and to prevent falling into sports equipment, trees, bushes, or tangled hair in harsh weather or water. Safety is usually the reason why open hair is not allowed when driving motorcycles and open-top sports cars.

sensitive skin[عدل]

The skin of the scalp is similar for kids AndElderly In sebaceous gland production due to hormonal levels. The sebaceous gland secretes sebum, a waxy ester, which maintains the acidity of the scalp and provides a covering that keeps the skin supple and moist. Sebum is produced excessively, between every 2-3 days for the average adult. People with sensitive skin may experience a longer interval. Teens often require daily hair washing. Sebum also imparts a protective layer to the hair strands. Daily washing removes sebum and stimulates increased sebum production, because the skin notices that the scalp lacks enough moisture. In cases of scalp disorders, that may not be the case. Sebaceous gland production for children and the elderly is not at its peak, so daily washing is not necessary.

Damage treatment[عدل]

split ends[عدل]

Split ends known as Feather hair It occurs when the protective cuticle is stripped away from the ends of the hair fiber.

This condition involves the longitudinal division of the hair fiber. Any chemical or physical damage such as heat and weather conditions leads to split ends. Damaged hair fibers usually break into two or three sections and the breakage can be 2-3 cm in length. Breakage often occurs in long hair and can also occur in short hair when it is not in good condition.

The scalp’s natural protective oils fail to reach the ends of the hair because the hair is growing. The limbs are considered old once they reach about 10 cm because they have been exposed to sunlight, shampoos, hair dryers and hot irons for a long time. All this shows up in dry ends that are prone to breakage. Not moisturizing the hair can lead to breakage.

breakage and other damages[عدل]

Hair can be damaged by prolonged exposure to chemicals, frequent heat exposure (through the use of heat tools), curling, and straightening.

Oil harms coarse hair and dry scalp because it reduces the nutrition of the hair, which leads to breakage and hair loss. When hair is behaving in an unusual way, or a scalp condition develops, it is often necessary to visit a qualified physician, sometimes a dermatologist or trichologist. Conditions that require this type of professional help include, alopecia forms, hair pulling/cutting, hair unable to come out, black dots on hair, skin rashes or burns caused by chemical processes.

The gel provides a shiny look, but it dries the hair and makes it rough.

See also[عدل]

• the hair
• beard
• Skin care

Reference[عدل]

• Fashion portal
• Medicine portal

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